Hypertension: Hypertension refers to a medical condition characterized by persistently high blood pressure levels in the arteries. It is typically measured using two values, systolic and diastolic, and is usually defined when these values are consistently above the normal range. Hypertension can be categorized into two types: primary (essential) hypertension, which has no identifiable cause, and secondary hypertension, which is caused by an underlying medical condition.
Edema: Edema is a condition where there is abnormal swelling in various parts of the body due to the accumulation of fluid in the tissues. It can occur in different areas such as the legs, ankles, hands, or face. Edema can be caused by various factors, including diseases affecting the heart, liver, or kidneys, as well as certain medications or prolonged periods of inactivity.
Proteinuria: Proteinuria refers to the presence of excess protein in the urine. It is often an indicator of kidney damage or dysfunction as the normal filtration process in the kidneys may be compromised. The presence of protein in the urine can be detected through routine urinalysis tests.
Gestoses: Gestoses is a general term used to describe a group of medical conditions that specifically affect pregnant women. These conditions include gestational hypertension (high blood pressure during pregnancy), gestational edema (swelling during pregnancy), and gestational proteinuria (excess protein in urine during pregnancy). These conditions are usually temporary and resolve after childbirth. However, if left untreated, gestoses can increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby, such as pre-eclampsia or eclampsia.
Overall, hypertension, edema, proteinuria, and gestoses are medical terms used to describe different aspects of cardiovascular and kidney health, often with a specific
