RETINAL GANGLION CELLS Meaning and
Definition
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Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) are a type of neuron that are found in the retina, which is the innermost light-sensitive layer of the eye. RGCs are responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to various regions of the brain, particularly the visual centers such as the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus and the primary visual cortex.
These specialized cells play a crucial role in vision by converting visual stimuli into electrical signals for the brain to interpret. They receive input from other neurons within the retina, known as bipolar cells and amacrine cells, which gather and process visual information from photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. RGCs are the only cells in the retina that send signals to the brain through the optic nerve.
The RGCs have unique properties that allow them to encode different aspects of the visual scene, such as contrast, color, motion, and orientation, into specific patterns of neural activity. They exhibit a range of functional properties, including different receptive fields, which are the specific regions of the visual field that influence their firing rate.
Damage or degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells can lead to vision loss and various eye diseases, such as glaucoma, optic neuropathy, and retinal ischemia. Understanding the structure and function of these cells is critical for developing treatments and interventions to preserve or restore vision in individuals with such conditions.
Common Misspellings for RETINAL GANGLION CELLS
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