Solenette refers to a small marine fish species, scientifically known as Gymnachirus melas. Belonging to the family of Soleidae, solenettes typically inhabit coastal waters, including estuaries and brackish areas. They can be found in both the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Measuring around 6-7 inches in length on average, the solenette features a slender body with a flattened shape, extending sideways. Its coloration varies, ranging from light to dark brown, often with intricate patterns and markings that aid in camouflage. The solenette possesses two eyes positioned on the right side of its body, allowing it to lie partially buried in the sandy or muddy seabed, waiting for prey.
As carnivorous bottom-dwellers, solenettes primarily feed on small invertebrates, such as worms and crustaceans. Using their specialized mouth and strong jaws, they capture their prey by sucking it into their mouth while maintaining their position within the sediment.
The reproductive habits of solenettes involve external fertilization, where females release their eggs into the water column and males release their milt to fertilize them. The hatchlings undergo a planktonic larval stage before eventually settling on the seabed.
Although solenettes are not typically targeted by commercial fisheries due to their small size, they are occasionally caught as bycatch. They also serve as prey for larger fish species and contribute to the overall biodiversity and ecological balance of their habitats.
