Swine Vesicular Exanthema Virus (SVEV) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects pigs. It belongs to the Picornaviridae family, specifically the genus Enterovirus, and is characterized by the development of vesicles and ulcers in pigs' feet and mouths.
The virus is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected pigs, but it can also spread indirectly through contaminated objects and materials. SVEV can easily be introduced into swine populations through the movement of infected animals or by the ingestion of contaminated feed or water.
The incubation period of SVEV ranges from 1 to 7 days, and infected pigs may display clinical signs such as fever, lameness, reduced appetite, and the formation of vesicles on their snouts, feet, and in the mouth. These vesicles later rupture, leading to the formation of painful ulcers.
Aside from its impact on pigs' health and welfare, SVEV also poses a significant economic threat to the swine industry. Outbreaks of the virus can result in production losses, trade restrictions, and the disruption of market stability.
Prevention and control measures for SVEV focus on biosecurity practices, such as quarantine protocols, disinfection, and the restriction of animal movement. Vaccination is not widely available for SVEV, hence strict surveillance, early detection, and prompt reporting of suspected cases are crucial for managing and containing the virus.
